21.11. http — HTTP 模块

源代码: Lib/http/__init__.py

http 是一个包，它收集了多个用于处理超文本传输协议的模块:

http 也是一个通过 http.HTTPStatus 枚举定义了一些 HTTP 状态码以及相关联消息的模块

class http.HTTPStatus

3.5 新版功能.

enum.IntEnum 的子类，它定义了组 HTTP 状态码，原理短语以及用英语书写的长描述文本。

用法:

>>> from http import HTTPStatus
>>> HTTPStatus.OK
<HTTPStatus.OK: 200>
>>> HTTPStatus.OK == 200
True
>>> http.HTTPStatus.OK.value
200
>>> HTTPStatus.OK.phrase
'OK'
>>> HTTPStatus.OK.description
'Request fulfilled, document follows'
>>> list(HTTPStatus)
[<HTTPStatus.CONTINUE: 100>, <HTTPStatus.SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS: 101>, ...]

21.11.1. HTTP 状态码

已支持并且已在 http.HTTPStatus IANA 注册 的状态码有：

状态码 映射名 详情
100 CONTINUE HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.2.1
101 SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.2.2
102 PROCESSING WebDAV RFC 2518, Section 10.1
200 OK HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.1
201 CREATED HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.2
202 ACCEPTED HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.3
203 NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.4
204 NO_CONTENT HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.5
205 RESET_CONTENT HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.6
206 PARTIAL_CONTENT HTTP/1.1 RFC 7233, Section 4.1
207 MULTI_STATUS WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.1
208 ALREADY_REPORTED WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.1 (Experimental)
226 IM_USED Delta Encoding in HTTP RFC 3229, Section 10.4.1
300 MULTIPLE_CHOICES：有多种资源可选择 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.1
301 MOVED_PERMANENTLY：永久移动 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.2
302 FOUND：临时移动 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.3
303 SEE_OTHER：已经移动 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.4
304 NOT_MODIFIED：没有修改 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7232, Section 4.1
305 USE_PROXY：使用代理 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.5
307 TEMPORARY_REDIRECT：临时重定向 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.7
308 PERMANENT_REDIRECT：永久重定向 Permanent Redirect RFC 7238, Section 3 (Experimental)
400 BAD_REQUEST：错误请求 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.1
401 UNAUTHORIZED：未授权 HTTP/1.1 Authentication RFC 7235, Section 3.1
402 PAYMENT_REQUIRED：保留，将来使用 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.2
403 FORBIDDEN：禁止 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.3
404 NOT_FOUND：没有找到 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.4
405 METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED：该请求方法不允许 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.5
406 NOT_ACCEPTABLE：不可接受 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.6
407 PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED：要求使用代理验证身份 HTTP/1.1 Authentication RFC 7235, Section 3.1
408 REQUEST_TIMEOUT：请求超时 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.7
409 CONFLICT：冲突 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.8
410 GONE：已经不在了 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.9
411 LENGTH_REQUIRED：长度要求 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.10
412 PRECONDITION_FAILED：前提条件错误 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7232, Section 4.2
413 REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE：请求体太大了 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.11
414 REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG：请求URI太长了 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.12
415 UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE：不支持的媒体格式 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.13
416 REQUEST_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE HTTP/1.1 Range Requests RFC 7233, Section 4.4
417 EXPECTATION_FAILED：期望失败 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.14
422 UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY：可加工实体 WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.2
423 LOCKED：锁着 WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.3
424 FAILED_DEPENDENCY：失败的依赖 WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.4
426 UPGRADE_REQUIRED：升级需要 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.15
428 PRECONDITION_REQUIRED：先决条件要求 Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585
429 TOO_MANY_REQUESTS：太多的请求 Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585
431 REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE：请求头太大 Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585
500 INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR：内部服务错误 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.1
501 NOT_IMPLEMENTED：不可执行 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.2
502 BAD_GATEWAY：无效网关 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.3
503 SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE：服务不可用 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.4
504 GATEWAY_TIMEOUT：网关超时 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.5
505 HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED：HTTP版本不支持 HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.6
506 VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES：服务器存在内部配置错误 透明内容协商在： HTTP RFC 2295, Section 8.1 (实验性的)
507 INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE：存储不足 WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.5
508 LOOP_DETECTED：循环检测 WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.2 (Experimental)
510 NOT_EXTENDED：不扩展 WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.2 (Experimental)
511 NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED：要求网络身份验证 Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585, Section 6

为了保持向后兼容性，枚举值也以常量形式出现在 http.client 模块中，。 枚举名等于常量名 (例如 http.HTTPStatus.OK 也可以是 http.client.OK)。