org.apache.catalina.realm

Class JAASRealm

java.lang.Object

org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase

org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleMBeanBase

org.apache.catalina.realm.RealmBase

org.apache.catalina.realm.JAASRealm

All Implemented Interfaces:

MBeanRegistration, JmxEnabled, Lifecycle, Realm

public class JAASRealm
extends RealmBase

Implementation of Realm that authenticates users via the Java Authentication and Authorization Service (JAAS). JAAS support requires either JDK 1.4 (which includes it as part of the standard platform) or JDK 1.3 (with the plug-in jaas.jar file).

The value configured for the appName property is passed to the javax.security.auth.login.LoginContext constructor, to specify the application name used to select the set of relevant LoginModules required.

The JAAS Specification describes the result of a successful login as a javax.security.auth.Subject instance, which can contain zero or more java.security.Principal objects in the return value of the Subject.getPrincipals() method. However, it provides no guidance on how to distinguish Principals that describe the individual user (and are thus appropriate to return as the value of request.getUserPrincipal() in a web application) from the Principal(s) that describe the authorized roles for this user. To maintain as much independence as possible from the underlying LoginMethod implementation executed by JAAS, the following policy is implemented by this Realm:

• The JAAS LoginModule is assumed to return a Subject with at least one Principal instance representing the user himself or herself, and zero or more separate Principals representing the security roles authorized for this user.
• On the Principal representing the user, the Principal name is an appropriate value to return via the Servlet API method HttpServletRequest.getRemoteUser().
• On the Principals representing the security roles, the name is the name of the authorized security role.
• This Realm will be configured with two lists of fully qualified Java class names of classes that implement java.security.Principal - one that identifies class(es) representing a user, and one that identifies class(es) representing a security role.
• As this Realm iterates over the Principals returned by Subject.getPrincipals(), it will identify the first Principal that matches the "user classes" list as the Principal for this user.
• As this Realm iterates over the Principals returned by Subject.getPrincipals(), it will accumulate the set of all Principals matching the "role classes" list as identifying the security roles for this user.
• It is a configuration error for the JAAS login method to return a validated Subject without a Principal that matches the "user classes" list.
• By default, the enclosing Container's name serves as the application name used to obtain the JAAS LoginContext ("Catalina" in a default installation). Tomcat must be able to find an application with this name in the JAAS configuration file. Here is a hypothetical JAAS configuration file entry for a database-oriented login module that uses a Tomcat-managed JNDI database resource:

  Catalina {
  org.foobar.auth.DatabaseLoginModule REQUIRED
      JNDI_RESOURCE=jdbc/AuthDB
    USER_TABLE=users
    USER_ID_COLUMN=id
    USER_NAME_COLUMN=name
    USER_CREDENTIAL_COLUMN=password
    ROLE_TABLE=roles
    ROLE_NAME_COLUMN=name
    PRINCIPAL_FACTORY=org.foobar.auth.impl.SimplePrincipalFactory;
  };

• To set the JAAS configuration file location, set the CATALINA_OPTS environment variable similar to the following:

  CATALINA_OPTS="-Djava.security.auth.login.config=$CATALINA_HOME/conf/jaas.config"

• As part of the login process, JAASRealm registers its own CallbackHandler, called (unsurprisingly) JAASCallbackHandler. This handler supplies the HTTP requests's username and credentials to the user-supplied LoginModule
• As with other Realm implementations, digested passwords are supported if the <Realm> element in server.xml contains a digest attribute; JAASCallbackHandler will digest the password prior to passing it back to the LoginModule

Author:

Craig R. McClanahan, Yoav Shapira

Nested Class Summary

Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class org.apache.catalina.realm.RealmBase

RealmBase.AllRolesMode

Nested classes/interfaces inherited from interface org.apache.catalina.Lifecycle

Lifecycle.SingleUse

Field Summary

Fields

Modifier and Type	Field and Description
protected String	appName The application name passed to the JAAS LoginContext, which uses it to select the set of relevant LoginModules.
protected String	configFile Path to find a JAAS configuration file, if not set global JVM JAAS configuration will be used.
protected Configuration	jaasConfiguration
protected boolean	jaasConfigurationLoaded
protected static String	name Descriptive information about this Realm implementation.
protected List<String>	roleClasses The list of role class names, split out for easy processing.
protected String	roleClassNames Comma-delimited list of java.security.Principal classes that represent security roles.
protected boolean	useContextClassLoader Whether to use context ClassLoader or default ClassLoader.
protected List<String>	userClasses The set of user class names, split out for easy processing.
protected String	userClassNames Comma-delimited list of java.security.Principal classes that represent individual users.

Fields inherited from class org.apache.catalina.realm.RealmBase

allRolesMode, container, containerLog, realmPath, sm, stripRealmForGss, support, validate, x509UsernameRetriever, x509UsernameRetrieverClassName

Fields inherited from class org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleMBeanBase

mserver

Fields inherited from interface org.apache.catalina.Lifecycle

AFTER_DESTROY_EVENT, AFTER_INIT_EVENT, AFTER_START_EVENT, AFTER_STOP_EVENT, BEFORE_DESTROY_EVENT, BEFORE_INIT_EVENT, BEFORE_START_EVENT, BEFORE_STOP_EVENT, CONFIGURE_START_EVENT, CONFIGURE_STOP_EVENT, PERIODIC_EVENT, START_EVENT, STOP_EVENT

Constructor Summary

Constructors

Constructor and Description
JAASRealm()

Method Summary

Modifier and Type	Method and Description
protected Principal	authenticate(String username, CallbackHandler callbackHandler) Perform the actual JAAS authentication.
Principal	authenticate(String username, String credentials) Return the Principal associated with the specified username and credentials, if there is one; otherwise return null.
Principal	authenticate(String username, String clientDigest, String nonce, String nc, String cnonce, String qop, String realmName, String md5a2) Return the Principal associated with the specified username and digest, if there is one; otherwise return null.
protected Principal	createPrincipal(String username, Subject subject, LoginContext loginContext) Identify and return a java.security.Principal instance representing the authenticated user for the specified Subject.
String	getAppName()
protected Configuration	getConfig() Load custom JAAS Configuration.
String	getConfigFile()
protected String	getName()
protected String	getPassword(String username) Get the password for the specified user.
protected Principal	getPrincipal(String username) Get the principal associated with the specified user.
String	getRoleClassNames()
String	getUserClassNames()
boolean	isUseContextClassLoader() Returns whether to use the context or default ClassLoader.
protected String	makeLegalForJAAS(String src) Ensure the given name is legal for JAAS configuration.
protected void	parseClassNames(String classNamesString, List<String> classNamesList) Parses a comma-delimited list of class names, and store the class names in the provided List.
void	setAppName(String name) Set the JAAS LoginContext app name.
void	setConfigFile(String configFile) Set the JAAS configuration file.
void	setContainer(Container container) Set the Container with which this Realm has been associated.
void	setRoleClassNames(String roleClassNames) Sets the list of comma-delimited classes that represent roles.
void	setUseContextClassLoader(boolean useContext) Sets whether to use the context or default ClassLoader.
void	setUserClassNames(String userClassNames) Sets the list of comma-delimited classes that represent individual users.
protected void	startInternal() Prepare for the beginning of active use of the public methods of this component and implement the requirements of LifecycleBase.startInternal().

Methods inherited from class org.apache.catalina.realm.RealmBase

addPropertyChangeListener, authenticate, authenticate, authenticate, backgroundProcess, Digest, findSecurityConstraints, getAllRolesMode, getContainer, getCredentialHandler, getDigest, getDomainInternal, getObjectNameKeyProperties, getPrincipal, getPrincipal, getRealmPath, getRealmSuffix, getRoles, getServer, getTransportGuaranteeRedirectStatus, getValidate, getX509UsernameRetrieverClassName, hasMessageDigest, hasResourcePermission, hasRole, hasUserDataPermission, initInternal, isStripRealmForGss, main, removePropertyChangeListener, setAllRolesMode, setCredentialHandler, setRealmPath, setStripRealmForGss, setTransportGuaranteeRedirectStatus, setValidate, setX509UsernameRetrieverClassName, stopInternal, toString

Methods inherited from class org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleMBeanBase

destroyInternal, getDomain, getObjectName, postDeregister, postRegister, preDeregister, preRegister, register, setDomain, unregister

Methods inherited from class org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase

addLifecycleListener, destroy, findLifecycleListeners, fireLifecycleEvent, getState, getStateName, init, removeLifecycleListener, setState, setState, start, stop

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

appName

protected String appName

The application name passed to the JAAS LoginContext, which uses it to select the set of relevant LoginModules.

name

protected static final String name

Descriptive information about this Realm implementation.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

roleClasses

protected final List<String> roleClasses

The list of role class names, split out for easy processing.

userClasses

protected final List<String> userClasses

The set of user class names, split out for easy processing.

useContextClassLoader

protected boolean useContextClassLoader

Whether to use context ClassLoader or default ClassLoader. True means use context ClassLoader, and True is the default value.

configFile

protected String configFile

Path to find a JAAS configuration file, if not set global JVM JAAS configuration will be used.

jaasConfiguration

protected Configuration jaasConfiguration

jaasConfigurationLoaded

protected volatile boolean jaasConfigurationLoaded

roleClassNames

protected String roleClassNames

Comma-delimited list of java.security.Principal classes that represent security roles.

userClassNames

protected String userClassNames

Comma-delimited list of java.security.Principal classes that represent individual users.

Constructor Detail

JAASRealm

public JAASRealm()

Method Detail

getConfigFile

public String getConfigFile()

Returns:

the path of the JAAS configuration file.

setConfigFile

public void setConfigFile(String configFile)

Set the JAAS configuration file.

Parameters:

configFile - The JAAS configuration file

setAppName

public void setAppName(String name)

Set the JAAS LoginContext app name.

Parameters:

name - The application name that will be used to retrieve the set of relevant LoginModules

getAppName

public String getAppName()

Returns:

the application name.

setUseContextClassLoader

public void setUseContextClassLoader(boolean useContext)

Sets whether to use the context or default ClassLoader. True means use context ClassLoader.

Parameters:

useContext - True means use context ClassLoader

isUseContextClassLoader

public boolean isUseContextClassLoader()

Returns whether to use the context or default ClassLoader. True means to use the context ClassLoader.

Returns:

The value of useContextClassLoader

setContainer

public void setContainer(Container container)

Description copied from class: RealmBase

Set the Container with which this Realm has been associated.

Specified by:

setContainer in interface Realm

Overrides:

setContainer in class RealmBase

Parameters:

container - The associated Container

getRoleClassNames

public String getRoleClassNames()

setRoleClassNames

public void setRoleClassNames(String roleClassNames)

Sets the list of comma-delimited classes that represent roles. The classes in the list must implement java.security.Principal. The supplied list of classes will be parsed when LifecycleBase.start() is called.

Parameters:

roleClassNames - The class names list

parseClassNames

protected void parseClassNames(String classNamesString,
                               List<String> classNamesList)

Parses a comma-delimited list of class names, and store the class names in the provided List. Each class must implement java.security.Principal.

Parameters:

classNamesString - a comma-delimited list of fully qualified class names.

classNamesList - the list in which the class names will be stored. The list is cleared before being populated.

getUserClassNames

public String getUserClassNames()

setUserClassNames

public void setUserClassNames(String userClassNames)

Sets the list of comma-delimited classes that represent individual users. The classes in the list must implement java.security.Principal. The supplied list of classes will be parsed when LifecycleBase.start() is called.

Parameters:

userClassNames - The class names list

authenticate

public Principal authenticate(String username,
                              String credentials)

Return the Principal associated with the specified username and credentials, if there is one; otherwise return null.

Specified by:

authenticate in interface Realm

Overrides:

authenticate in class RealmBase

Parameters:

username - Username of the Principal to look up

credentials - Password or other credentials to use in authenticating this username

Returns:

the associated principal, or null if there is none.

authenticate

public Principal authenticate(String username,
                              String clientDigest,
                              String nonce,
                              String nc,
                              String cnonce,
                              String qop,
                              String realmName,
                              String md5a2)

Return the Principal associated with the specified username and digest, if there is one; otherwise return null.

Specified by:

authenticate in interface Realm

Overrides:

authenticate in class RealmBase

Parameters:

username - Username of the Principal to look up

clientDigest - Digest to use in authenticating this username

nonce - Server generated nonce

nc - Nonce count

cnonce - Client generated nonce

qop - Quality of protection applied to the message

realmName - Realm name

md5a2 - Second MD5 digest used to calculate the digest MD5(Method + ":" + uri)

Returns:

the associated principal, or null if there is none.

authenticate

protected Principal authenticate(String username,
                                 CallbackHandler callbackHandler)

Perform the actual JAAS authentication.

Parameters:

username - The user name

callbackHandler - The callback handler

Returns:

the associated principal, or null if there is none.

getName

protected String getName()

Specified by:

getName in class RealmBase

Returns:

a short name for this Realm implementation.

getPassword

protected String getPassword(String username)

Description copied from class: RealmBase

Get the password for the specified user.

Specified by:

getPassword in class RealmBase

Parameters:

username - The user name

Returns:

the password associated with the given principal's user name. This always returns null as the JAASRealm has no way of obtaining this information.

getPrincipal

protected Principal getPrincipal(String username)

Description copied from class: RealmBase

Get the principal associated with the specified user.

Specified by:

getPrincipal in class RealmBase

Parameters:

username - The user name

Returns:

the Principal associated with the given user name.

createPrincipal

protected Principal createPrincipal(String username,
                                    Subject subject,
                                    LoginContext loginContext)

Identify and return a java.security.Principal instance representing the authenticated user for the specified Subject. The Principal is constructed by scanning the list of Principals returned by the JAASLoginModule. The first Principal object that matches one of the class names supplied as a "user class" is the user Principal. This object is returned to the caller. Any remaining principal objects returned by the LoginModules are mapped to roles, but only if their respective classes match one of the "role class" classes. If a user Principal cannot be constructed, return null.

Parameters:

username - The associated user name

subject - The Subject representing the logged-in user

loginContext - Associated with the Principal so LoginContext.logout() can be called later

Returns:

the principal object

makeLegalForJAAS

protected String makeLegalForJAAS(String src)

Ensure the given name is legal for JAAS configuration. Added for Bugzilla 30869, made protected for easy customization in case my implementation is insufficient, which I think is very likely.

Parameters:

src - The name to validate

Returns:

A string that's a valid JAAS realm name

startInternal

protected void startInternal()
                      throws LifecycleException

Prepare for the beginning of active use of the public methods of this component and implement the requirements of LifecycleBase.startInternal().

Overrides:

startInternal in class RealmBase

Throws:

LifecycleException - if this component detects a fatal error that prevents this component from being used

getConfig

protected Configuration getConfig()

Load custom JAAS Configuration.

Returns:

the loaded configuration