29. Python运行时服务

本章里描述的模块提供了和Python解释器及其环境交互相关的广泛服务。以下是综述：

• 29.1. sys — 系统相关的参数和函数
• 29.2. sysconfig — Provide access to Python’s configuration information
  • 29.2.1. 配置变量
  • 29.2.2. 安装路径
  • 29.2.3. 其他功能
  • 29.2.4. Using sysconfig as a script
• 29.3. builtins — 内建对象
• 29.4. __main__ — 顶层脚本环境
• 29.5. warnings — Warning control
  • 29.5.1. 警告类别
  • 29.5.2. The Warnings Filter
    • 29.5.2.1. Default Warning Filters
  • 29.5.3. 暂时禁止警告
  • 29.5.4. 测试警告
  • 29.5.5. Updating Code For New Versions of Python
  • 29.5.6. Available Functions
  • 29.5.7. Available Context Managers
• 29.6. contextlib — Utilities for with-statement contexts
  • 29.6.1. 工具
  • 29.6.2. 例子和配方
    • 29.6.2.1. Supporting a variable number of context managers
    • 29.6.2.2. Simplifying support for single optional context managers
    • 29.6.2.3. Catching exceptions from __enter__ methods
    • 29.6.2.4. Cleaning up in an __enter__ implementation
    • 29.6.2.5. Replacing any use of try-finally and flag variables
    • 29.6.2.6. Using a context manager as a function decorator
  • 29.6.3. Single use, reusable and reentrant context managers
    • 29.6.3.1. Reentrant context managers
    • 29.6.3.2. Reusable context managers
• 29.7. abc — 抽象基类
• 29.8. atexit — 退出处理器
  • 29.8.1. atexit 示例
• 29.9. traceback — Print or retrieve a stack traceback
  • 29.9.1. TracebackException Objects
  • 29.9.2. StackSummary Objects
  • 29.9.3. FrameSummary Objects
  • 29.9.4. Traceback Examples
• 29.10. __future__ — Future 语句定义
• 29.11. gc — 垃圾回收器接口
• 29.12. inspect — 检查对象
  • 29.12.1. 类型和成员
  • 29.12.2. Retrieving source code
  • 29.12.3. Introspecting callables with the Signature object
  • 29.12.4. Classes and functions
  • 29.12.5. The interpreter stack
  • 29.12.6. Fetching attributes statically
  • 29.12.7. Current State of Generators and Coroutines
  • 29.12.8. Code Objects Bit Flags
  • 29.12.9. Command Line Interface
• 29.13. site — Site-specific configuration hook
  • 29.13.1. Readline configuration
  • 29.13.2. Module contents
• 29.14. fpectl — Floating point exception control
  • 29.14.1. Example
  • 29.14.2. Limitations and other considerations