胶囊

有关使用这些对象的更多信息请参阅 给扩展模块提供C API。

3.1 新版功能.

PyCapsule

这个 PyObject 的子类型代表着一个任意值，当需要通过 Python 代码将任意值（以 void* 指针的形式）从 C 扩展模块传递给其他 C 代码时非常有用。它通常用于将指向一个模块中定义的 C 语言函数指针传递给其他模块，以便可以从那里调用它们。这允许通过正常的模块导入机制访问动态加载的模块中的 C API。

PyCapsule_Destructor

这种类型的一个析构器返回一个胶囊，定义如下：

typedef void (*PyCapsule_Destructor)(PyObject *);

参阅 PyCapsule_New() 来获取 PyCapsule_Destructor 返回值的语义。

int PyCapsule_CheckExact(PyObject *p)

如果参数是一个 PyCapsule 则返回 True

PyObject* PyCapsule_New(void *pointer, const char *name, PyCapsule_Destructor destructor)

Return value: New reference.

创建一个 PyCapsule 来封装 pointer ， pointer 参数可能不是 NULL 。

如果失败，则设置异常并返回 NULL。

字符串字符串 name 可以是 NULL 或指向 一个有效的 C 字符串。如果值为非 NULL ，这个字符串必须比胶囊长。（即使它可以释放里面的 destructor 。）

如果 destructor 参数不是 NULL ，那么当它被销毁时，它就被胶囊当作参数调用。

If this capsule will be stored as an attribute of a module, the name should be specified as modulename.attributename. This will enable other modules to import the capsule using PyCapsule_Import().

void* PyCapsule_GetPointer(PyObject *capsule, const char *name)

Retrieve the pointer stored in the capsule. On failure, set an exception and return NULL.

The name parameter must compare exactly to the name stored in the capsule. If the name stored in the capsule is NULL, the name passed in must also be NULL. Python uses the C function strcmp() to compare capsule names.

PyCapsule_Destructor PyCapsule_GetDestructor(PyObject *capsule)

Return the current destructor stored in the capsule. On failure, set an exception and return NULL.

It is legal for a capsule to have a NULL destructor. This makes a NULL return code somewhat ambiguous; use PyCapsule_IsValid() or PyErr_Occurred() to disambiguate.

void* PyCapsule_GetContext(PyObject *capsule)

Return the current context stored in the capsule. On failure, set an exception and return NULL.

It is legal for a capsule to have a NULL context. This makes a NULL return code somewhat ambiguous; use PyCapsule_IsValid() or PyErr_Occurred() to disambiguate.

const char* PyCapsule_GetName(PyObject *capsule)

Return the current name stored in the capsule. On failure, set an exception and return NULL.

It is legal for a capsule to have a NULL name. This makes a NULL return code somewhat ambiguous; use PyCapsule_IsValid() or PyErr_Occurred() to disambiguate.

void* PyCapsule_Import(const char *name, int no_block)

Import a pointer to a C object from a capsule attribute in a module. The name parameter should specify the full name to the attribute, as in module.attribute. The name stored in the capsule must match this string exactly. If no_block is true, import the module without blocking (using PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock()). If no_block is false, import the module conventionally (using PyImport_ImportModule()).

Return the capsule’s internal pointer on success. On failure, set an exception and return NULL.

int PyCapsule_IsValid(PyObject *capsule, const char *name)

Determines whether or not capsule is a valid capsule. A valid capsule is non-NULL, passes PyCapsule_CheckExact(), has a non-NULL pointer stored in it, and its internal name matches the name parameter. (See PyCapsule_GetPointer() for information on how capsule names are compared.)

In other words, if PyCapsule_IsValid() returns a true value, calls to any of the accessors (any function starting with PyCapsule_Get()) are guaranteed to succeed.

Return a nonzero value if the object is valid and matches the name passed in. Return 0 otherwise. This function will not fail.

int PyCapsule_SetContext(PyObject *capsule, void *context)

Set the context pointer inside capsule to context.

Return 0 on success. Return nonzero and set an exception on failure.

int PyCapsule_SetDestructor(PyObject *capsule, PyCapsule_Destructor destructor)

Set the destructor inside capsule to destructor.

Return 0 on success. Return nonzero and set an exception on failure.

int PyCapsule_SetName(PyObject *capsule, const char *name)

Set the name inside capsule to name. If non-NULL, the name must outlive the capsule. If the previous name stored in the capsule was not NULL, no attempt is made to free it.

Return 0 on success. Return nonzero and set an exception on failure.

int PyCapsule_SetPointer(PyObject *capsule, void *pointer)

Set the void pointer inside capsule to pointer. The pointer may not be NULL.

Return 0 on success. Return nonzero and set an exception on failure.