When deploying a Django application into a real production environment, you will almost always want to use an official packaged release of Django.
However, if you’d like to try out in-development code from an upcoming release or contribute to the development of Django, you’ll need to obtain a clone of Django’s source code repository.
This document covers the way the code repository is laid out and how to work with and find things in it.
The Django source code repository uses Git to track changes to the code
over time, so you’ll need a copy of the Git client (a program called git)
on your computer, and you’ll want to familiarize yourself with the basics of
how Git works.
Git’s website offers downloads for various operating systems. The site also contains vast amounts of documentation.
The Django Git repository is located online at github.com/django/django. It contains the full source code for all Django releases, which you can browse online.
The Git repository includes several branches:
main contains the main in-development code which will become
the next packaged release of Django. This is where most development
activity is focused.stable/A.B.x are the branches where release preparation work happens.
They are also used for bugfix and security releases which occur as necessary
after the initial release of a feature version.The Git repository also contains tags. These are the exact revisions from which packaged Django releases were produced, since version 1.0.
A number of tags also exist under the archive/ prefix for archived
work.
The source code for the Djangoproject.com website can be found at github.com/django/djangoproject.com.
If you’d like to try out the in-development code for the next release of Django, or if you’d like to contribute to Django by fixing bugs or developing new features, you’ll want to get the code from the main branch.
Note
Prior to March 2021, the main branch was called master.
Note that this will get all of Django: in addition to the top-level
django module containing Python code, you’ll also get a copy of Django’s
documentation, test suite, packaging scripts and other miscellaneous bits.
Django’s code will be present in your clone as a directory named
django.
To try out the in-development code with your own applications, place the
directory containing your clone on your Python import path. Then import
statements which look for Django will find the django module within your
clone.
If you’re going to be working on Django’s code (say, to fix a bug or develop a new feature), you can probably stop reading here and move over to the documentation for contributing to Django, which covers things like the preferred coding style and how to generate and submit a patch.
Django uses branches to prepare for releases of Django. Each major release series has its own stable branch.
These branches can be found in the repository as stable/A.B.x
branches and will be created right after the first alpha is tagged.
For example, immediately after Django 1.5 alpha 1 was tagged, the branch
stable/1.5.x was created and all further work on preparing the code for the
final 1.5 release was done there.
These branches also provide bugfix and security support as described in Supported versions.
For example, after the release of Django 1.5, the branch stable/1.5.x
receives only fixes for security and critical stability bugs, which are
eventually released as Django 1.5.1 and so on, stable/1.4.x receives only
security and data loss fixes, and stable/1.3.x no longer receives any
updates.
Historical information
This policy for handling stable/A.B.x branches was adopted starting
with the Django 1.5 release cycle.
Previously, these branches weren’t created until right after the releases and the stabilization work occurred on the main repository branch. Thus, no new feature development work for the next release of Django could be committed until the final release happened.
For example, shortly after the release of Django 1.3 the branch
stable/1.3.x was created. Official support for that release has expired,
and so it no longer receives direct maintenance from the Django project.
However, that and all other similarly named branches continue to exist, and
interested community members have occasionally used them to provide
unofficial support for old Django releases.
Each Django release is tagged and signed by the releaser.
The tags can be found on GitHub’s tags page.
Historical information
Since Django moved to Git in 2012, anyone can clone the repository and create their own branches, alleviating the need for official branches in the source code repository.
The following section is mostly useful if you’re exploring the repository’s history, for example if you’re trying to understand how some features were designed.
Feature-development branches tend by their nature to be temporary. Some produce successful features which are merged back into Django’s main branch to become part of an official release, but others do not; in either case, there comes a time when the branch is no longer being actively worked on by any developer. At this point the branch is considered closed.
Django used to be maintained with the Subversion revision control system, that
has no standard way of indicating this. As a workaround, branches of Django
which are closed and no longer maintained were moved into attic.
A number of tags exist under the archive/ prefix to maintain a reference to
this and other work of historical interest.
The following tags under the archive/attic/ prefix reference the tip of
branches whose code eventually became part of Django itself:
boulder-oracle-sprint: Added support for Oracle databases to
Django’s object-relational mapper. This has been part of Django
since the 1.0 release.gis: Added support for geographic/spatial queries to Django’s
object-relational mapper. This has been part of Django since the 1.0
release, as the bundled application django.contrib.gis.i18n: Added internationalization support to
Django. This has been part of Django since the 0.90 release.magic-removal: A major refactoring of both the internals and
public APIs of Django’s object-relational mapper. This has been part
of Django since the 0.95 release.multi-auth: A refactoring of Django’s bundled
authentication framework which added support for
authentication backends. This has
been part of Django since the 0.95 release.new-admin: A refactoring of Django’s bundled
administrative application. This became part of
Django as of the 0.91 release, but was superseded by another
refactoring (see next listing) prior to the Django 1.0 release.newforms-admin: The second refactoring of Django’s bundled
administrative application. This became part of Django as of the 1.0
release, and is the basis of the current incarnation of
django.contrib.admin.queryset-refactor: A refactoring of the internals of Django’s
object-relational mapper. This became part of Django as of the 1.0
release.unicode: A refactoring of Django’s internals to consistently use
Unicode-based strings in most places within Django and Django
applications. This became part of Django as of the 1.0 release.Additionally, the following tags under the archive/attic/ prefix reference
the tips of branches that were closed, but whose code was never merged into
Django, and the features they aimed to implement were never finished:
full-historygeneric-authmultiple-db-supportper-object-permissionsschema-evolutionschema-evolution-ngsearch-apisqlalchemyFinally, under the archive/ prefix, the repository contains
soc20XX/<project> tags referencing the tip of branches that were used by
students who worked on Django during the 2009 and 2010 Google Summer of Code
programs.
May 26, 2021