std::wcsxfrm

 

C++

Language

Standard Library Headers

Freestanding and hosted implementations

Named requirements

Language support library

Concepts library (C++20)

Diagnostics library

Utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Iterators library

Ranges library (C++20)

Algorithms library

Numerics library

Input/output library

Localizations library

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Atomic operations library (C++11)

Thread support library (C++11)

Filesystem library (C++17)

Technical Specifications

 

Strings library

Null-terminated strings

Byte strings

Multibyte strings

Wide strings

Classes

basic_string

basic_string_view (C++17)

char_traits

 

Null-terminated wide strings

Functions
Character manipulation
iswalnum iswalpha iswlower iswupper iswdigit iswxdigit iswblank (C++11) wctype iswctype	iswcntrl iswgraph iswspace iswprint iswpunct towlower towupper wctrans towctrans
Conversions to numeric formats
wcstolwcstoll (C++11) wcstoulwcstoull (C++11)	wcstofwcstodwcstold (C++11)(C++11) wcstoimaxwcstouimax (C++11)(C++11)
String manipulation
wcslen wcscpy wcsncpy wcscat wcsncat wcscmp wcscoll wcsncmp	wcsxfrm wcschr wcsrchr wcspbrk wcsspn wcscspn wcsstr wcstok
Array manipulation
wmemcpy
wmemmove
wmemcmp
wmemchr
wmemset

 

Defined in header <cwchar>
std::size_t strxfrm( wchar_t* dest, const wchar_t* src, std::size_t count );

Transforms the null-terminated wide string pointed to by src into the implementation-defined form such that comparing two transformed strings with std::wcscmp gives the same result as comparing the original strings with std::wcscoll, in the current C locale.

The first count characters of the transformed string are written to destination, including the terminating null character, and the length of the full transformed string is returned, excluding the terminating null character.

If count is ​0​, then dest is allowed to be a null pointer.

Notes

The correct length of the buffer that can receive the entire transformed string is 1+std::wcsxfrm(NULL, src, 0)

This function is used when making multiple locale-dependent comparisons using the same wide string or set of wide strings, because it is more efficient to use std::wcsxfrm to transform all the strings just once, and subsequently compare the transformed wide strings with std::wcscmp.

Parameters

dest	-	pointer to the first element of a wide null-terminated string to write the transformed string to
src	-	pointer to the null-terminated wide character string to transform
count	-	maximum number of characters to output

Return value

The length of the transformed wide string, not including the terminating null-character.

Example

Run this code

#include <iostream>
#include <cwchar>
 
int main()
{
    std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "sv_SE.utf8");
 
    std::wstring in1 = L"\u00e5r";
    std::wstring out1(1+std::wcsxfrm(nullptr, in1.c_str(), 0), L' ');
    std::wstring in2 = L"\u00e4ngel";
    std::wstring out2(1+std::wcsxfrm(nullptr, in2.c_str(), 0), L' ');
 
    std::wcsxfrm(&out1[0], in1.c_str(), out1.size());
    std::wcsxfrm(&out2[0], in2.c_str(), out2.size());
 
    std::wcout << "In the Swedish locale: ";
    if(out1 < out2)
         std::wcout << in1 << " before " << in2 << '\n';
    else
         std::wcout << in2 << " before " << in1 << '\n';
 
    std::wcout << "In lexicographical comparison: ";
    if(in1 < in2)
         std::wcout << in1 << " before " << in2 << '\n';
    else
         std::wcout << in2 << " before " << in1 << '\n';
 
}

Output:

In the Swedish locale: år before ängel
In lexicographical comparison: ängel before år

See also

strxfrm	transform a string so that strcmp would produce the same result as strcoll (function)
do_transform [virtual]	transforms a string so that collation can be replaced by comparison (virtual protected member function of std::collate)
wcscoll	compares two wide strings in accordance to the current locale (function)